String manipulation in C++: The manipulation of strings in C++ can be defined as we have already learned that C++ will not support the built-in string type. So, we have used the null character based terminated array of characters to store the manipulated strings.
String manipulation in C++
Manipulating Null terminated Strings
C++ supports a wide range of functions that manipulate null-terminated strings. They are as follows:
- strcpy(str1, str2): It copies the string str2 into string str1.
- strcat(str1, str2): Concatenates string str2 onto the end of string str1.
- strlen(str1): Returns the length of string str1.
- strcmp(str1, str2): Returns 0 if str1 and str2 are the same; less than 0 if str1<str2, greater than 0 if str1>str2.
- strchr(str1, ch): Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of character ch in string str1.
- strstr(str1, str2): Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of string str2 in string str1.
Functions Supported by string Class in C++
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| append( ) | appends a part of a string to another string |
| assign( ) | The function assigns a partial string |
| at( ) | function obtains the character stored at a specified location |
| begin( ) | The function returns a reference to the start of the string |
| capacity( ) | Gives the total element that can be stored |
| compare( ) | compares a string against the invoking string |
| empty( ) | returns true if the string is empty |
| end( ) | returns a reference to the end of the string |
| erase( ) | removes the character as specified |
| find( ) | searches for the occurrence of a specified substring |
| length( ) | It gives the size of a string or the number of elements of a string |
| swap( ) | This function swaps the given string with the invoking one |
Important Constructors Obtained by String Class
| Constructor | Description |
|---|---|
| String( ) | the constructor is used for creating an empty string |
| String(const char *str) | used for creating string objects from a null-terminated string |
| String(const string *str) | used for creating a string object from another string object |