C++ Vs Java:
The C++ programming language and Java have many differences and similarities. The following are the key differences between C++ and Java:
| Comparison Index | C++ | Java |
|---|---|---|
| Platform-independent | C++ is platform-dependent | Java is platform-independent |
| Mainly used for | System Programming | Application programming. Used in Windows-based, web-based, enterprise, and mobile applications. |
| Design Goal | Extension of C programming language for systems and applications programming | Created as an interpreter for printing systems, later extended as a support network computing. Designed to be easy to use and accessible. |
| Goto | Supports the goto statement | Doesn’t support the goto statement |
| Multiple inheritances | Supports multiple inheritance | Doesn’t support multiple inheritance through class, but can be achieved by using interfaces |
| Operator Overloading | Supports operator overloading | Doesn’t support operator overloading |
| Pointers | Supports pointers. You can write a pointer program in C++. | Supports pointer internally. However, you can’t write the pointer program in Java. Java has restricted pointer support. |
| Compiler and Interpreter | Uses a compiler only. C++ is platform dependent. | Uses both a compiler and an interpreter. Java is interpreted, thus platform-independent. |
| Call by Value and Call by Reference | Supports both call-by-value and call by reference | Supports call by value only. No call by reference. |
| Structure and Union | Supports structures and unions | Doesn’t support structures and unions |
| Thread Support | Doesn’t have built-in support for threads. Relies on third-party libraries for thread support. | Has built-in thread support |
| Documentation comment | Doesn’t support documentation comments | Supports documentation comment (/** … */) to create documentation for java source code |
| Virtual Keyword | Supports virtual keywords so that we can decide whether or not to override a function | No virtual keyword. We can override all non-static methods by default. Non-static methods are virtual by default. |
| unsigned right shift >>> | Doesn’t support >>> operator | Supports unsigned right shift >>> operator that fills zero at the top for negative numbers. Works the same as the like >> operator for positive numbers. |
| Inheritance Tree | Always creates a new inheritance tree | Always uses a single inheritance tree because all classes are the child of the Object class. The Object class is the root of the inheritance tree. |
| Hardware | Nearer to hardware | Not as interactive with hardware |
| Object-oriented | Object-oriented language. In C language, a single root hierarchy is not possible. | Object-oriented language. Everything (except fundamental types) is an object. Single root hierarchy as everything gets derived from java.lang.Object. |
Note:
In contrast to C++, Java does not have support for default arguments. Additionally, Java does not use header files as in C++. Instead, the import keyword is used in Java to include different classes and methods.
C++ Program Example
Program: main.cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout << "Hello C++ Programming";
return 0;
}
Output:
Hello C++ Programming
Java Program Example
Program: Sample.java
class Sample{
public static void main(String args[]){
System.out.println("Hello Java");
}
}
Output:
Hello Java
We hope this article has provided you with insights into the comparison between C++ and Java. For further learning about Java, we encourage you to follow tutorials.freshersnow.com.