Hadoop Installation Steps

1. Installing Hadoop 2.7 on Ubuntu Tutorial: Objective

This tutorial on Installation of Hadoop 2.7 on Ubuntu explains about How to install and configure Hadoop 2.7.x on Ubuntu? In this tutorial, we will guide you step by step on how to install Hadoop and deploy Hadoop on the Single server (single node cluster) on Ubuntu OS. This quick start guide will help you to install Hadoop 2.7 on ubuntu, configure and run it in less than 10 min. While installation we will enable YARN so that apart from MapReduce you can run various types of applications like Apache Spark.

Hadoop Installation

2. How to Install Hadoop 2.7 on Ubuntu?

In this part of the Hadoop 2.7 installation tutorial, we will learn step by step to install and configure Hadoop 2.7.x on Ubuntu OS. Follow the steps given below to install Hadoop 2.7 –

2.1. Prerequisites to install Hadoop 2.7 on Ubuntu

If you are using Windows/Mac OS to install Hadoop 2.7 you can create a virtual machine and install Ubuntu using VMWare Player, alternatively, you can create a virtual machine and install Ubuntu using Oracle Virtual Box.

I. Install Oracle Java 8

a. Install Python Software Properties

sudo apt-get install python-software-properties

b. Add Repository

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java

c. Update the source list

sudo apt-get update

d. Install Java

sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer

 

II. Setup Password-less SSH

a. Install Open SSH Server & Open SSH Client

sudo apt-get install openssh-server openssh-client

b. Generate Public & Private Key Pairs

ssh-keygen -t rsa -P “”

c. Configure password-less SSH

cat $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys

d. Check by SSH to localhost

ssh localhost

3.1. Configure, Setup and Install Hadoop 2.7 on Ubuntu

I. Download Hadoop

https://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.7.1/hadoop-2.7.1.tar.gz

II. Untar Tar ball

tar xzf hadoop–2.7.1.tar.gz

Note: All the required jars, scripts, configuration files, etc. are available in HADOOP_HOME directory (hadoop-2.7.1)

 III. Setup Configuration

a. Edit .bashrc

Edit .bashrc file located in the user’s home directory and add the below parameters:

1. export HADOOP_PREFIX=/home/hdadmin/hadoop-2.7.1

2. export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_PREFIX/bin

3. export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_PREFIX/sbin

4. export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=${HADOOP_PREFIX}

5. export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=${HADOOP_PREFIX}

6. export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=${HADOOP_PREFIX}

7. export YARN_HOME=${HADOOP_PREFIX}

8. export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_PREFIX/lib/native

9. export HADOOP_OPTS=”-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_PREFIX/lib”

 Note: After the above step restarts the terminal so that all the environment variables will come into the picture.

 b. Edit hadoop-env.sh

Edit hadoop-env.sh (hadoop-env.sh is placed in etc/hadoop inside Hadoop installation directory) and set JAVA_HOME:

  1. export JAVA_HOME=<root-of-your-Java-installation> (eg: /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/)
c. Edit core-site.xml

Edit core-site.xml (core-site.xml is located in etc/hadoop inside Hadoop installation directory) and add below entries:

  1. <configuration>
  2. <property>
  3. <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
  4. <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
  5. </property>
  6. <property>
  7. <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
  8. <value>/home/hdadmin/hdata</value>
  9. </property>
  10. </configuration>

Note: you must have Read Write permissions in /home/hdadmin/hdata else specify a location where you have Read Write permissions.

 d. Edit hdfs-site.xml

Edit hdfs-site.xml (hdfs-site.xml is located in etc/hadoop inside Hadoop installation directory) and add below entries:

  1. <configuration>
  2. <property>
  3. <name>dfs.replication</name>
  4. <value>1</value>
  5. </property>
  6. </configuration>
 e. Edit mapred-site.xml

Edit mapred-site.xml (mapred-site.xml.template is located in etc/hadoop inside Hadoop installation directory, copy the file with the name mapred-site.xml) and add below entries:

  1. <configuration>
  2. <property>
  3. <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
  4. <value>yarn</value>
  5. </property>
  6. </configuration>
 f. Edit yarn-site.xml

Edit yarn-site.xml (yarn-site.xml is situated in etc/hadoop inside Hadoop installation directory) and add below entries:

  1. <configuration>
  2. <property>
  3. <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
  4. <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
  5. </property>
  6. <property>
  7. <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
  8. <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
  9. </property>
  10. </configuration>

4.1. Start the Cluster

I. Format the name node:

hdfs namenode -format

NOTE: Namenode should be configured just once when you install Hadoop.

II. Start HDFS Services:

start-dfs.sh

III. Start YARN Services:

start-yarn.sh

IV. Check whether services have been started

  1. jps
  2. NameNode
  3. DataNode
  4. ResourceManager
  5. NodeManager
  6. SecondaryNameNode

5.1. Run Map-Reduce Jobs

I. Run wordcount example:

  1. hdfs dfs -mkdir /data
  2. hdfs dfs -put <file> /data
  3. yarn jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-MapReduce-examples-2.7.1.jar wordcount /data /data-out
  4. hdfs dfs -cat /data-out/*

6.1. Stop the Cluster

I. Stop HDFS Services:

stop-dfs.sh

II. Stop YARN Services:

stop-yarn.sh

This was all in this tutorial to install Hadoop 2.7 on Ubuntu in 10 minutes…